Periodontal health is essential for keeping your smile strong, comfortable, and functional. While early stages of gum disease can often be treated with non-surgical therapies such as scaling and root planing, more advanced cases may require surgical intervention to stop the progression of disease and restore damaged tissues. At Periodontal Associates of Memphis, serving Memphis and Collierville, Dr. Mitchel S. Godat, Dr. Grant T. King, and Dr. Olga Byakina provide comprehensive periodontal care, including advanced surgical procedures tailored to each patient’s unique needs.
Understanding when periodontal surgery is necessary can help you take proactive steps to protect your long-term oral health. Below, we explore the signs, benefits, and types of periodontal surgery, along with what patients can expect during treatment and recovery.
What Is Periodontal Surgery?
Periodontal surgery includes a range of procedures designed to treat advanced gum disease, repair damaged tissues, and restore the structures that support your teeth. These procedures address issues such as deep periodontal pockets, gum recession, bone loss, and poor gum contours.
While the idea of surgery may sound intimidating, modern techniques are highly precise, minimally invasive when possible, and focused on improving both health and aesthetics. Surgical treatment is often the best option when non-surgical methods cannot fully control infection or reverse structural damage.
The ultimate goal of periodontal surgery is to create a healthier, more stable environment that makes ongoing maintenance easier and supports long-term oral wellness.
When Is Periodontal Surgery Necessary?
Not all individuals with gum disease will need surgery, but certain conditions indicate a need for more advanced treatment. Recognizing these signs early can help prevent further complications.
Persistent gum inflammation
If your gums remain swollen, red, or tender despite routine cleanings and deep cleanings, it may signal that harmful bacteria are hiding deep below the gumline. Surgery can help access and eliminate these bacteria.
Chronic periodontal pockets
Deep pockets between the teeth and gums create an environment where bacteria thrive. Once pockets reach depths that standard cleanings cannot reach, surgical intervention is often needed to reduce pocket size and restore tight, healthy gum attachment.
Bone loss
Periodontal disease can erode the bone that supports your teeth. When bone loss occurs, regenerative surgical procedures may be recommended to rebuild lost tissue and strengthen the foundation of your smile.
Gum recession
Receding gums expose the tooth roots. This leads to sensitivity, a higher risk of decay, and an uneven gumline. Soft tissue grafts can correct these issues and protect vulnerable roots.
Loose or shifting teeth
Mobility may occur when disease weakens the supporting structures of the teeth. Surgical treatments can help stabilize the area and preserve your natural teeth whenever possible.
Cosmetic concerns
Some patients choose periodontal surgery to enhance the appearance of their smiles. Procedures like crown lengthening and gum grafting can correct a gummy smile or provide a more symmetrical gumline.
Common Types of Periodontal Surgery
Periodontists offer several surgical procedures depending on the patient’s diagnosis and goals. Some of the most common include:
Flap surgery
Also known as pocket reduction surgery, flap surgery involves gently lifting the gums to access deep deposits of bacteria. After cleaning, the gum tissue is repositioned to fit more tightly around the teeth. This reduces pocket depth and improves the ability to keep gums clean.
Soft tissue grafting
Soft tissue grafting is used to treat gum recession. Tissue from the patient or donor sources is placed over exposed roots to create a healthier, more even gumline. It protects sensitive roots and enhances aesthetics.
Bone grafts and guided tissue regeneration
When bone loss has occurred, bone grafting helps rebuild lost bone using grafting materials and membranes. This supports natural teeth and prepares the area for restorative options when needed.
Crown lengthening
Crown lengthening reshapes the gums and sometimes the bone to expose more of the natural tooth structure. It may be performed for functional reasons, such as preparing a tooth for a crown, or for cosmetic improvements.
Cosmetic Periodontal Treatment
Cosmetic periodontal procedures optimize the appearance of the gums, correcting asymmetry or excessive gum display while also supporting oral health.
How Your Periodontist Determines the Best Approach
At Periodontal Associates of Memphis, treatment decisions are based on thorough diagnostic evaluations. This includes periodontal charting, digital imaging, a review of medical history, and an assessment of overall oral health. Dr. Godat, Dr. King, and Dr. Byakina take a personalized approach, ensuring that surgery is recommended only when it will truly benefit the patient.
Their recommendations consider:
- Severity of gum disease
- Presence of bone loss
- Tooth stability
- Aesthetic goals
- Systemic health factors
- Long-term maintenance needs
This patient-centered method ensures optimal outcomes and long-lasting periodontal stability.
What to Expect from Recovery
Recovery experiences vary depending on the type of surgery, but most patients report manageable discomfort that improves quickly. Your periodontist will provide detailed aftercare instructions to promote proper healing. This may include guidance on diet, oral hygiene, medications, and activity levels.
Follow-up appointments play a key role in ensuring the gums heal properly and remain healthy. Most patients return to normal routines within a few days, depending on the complexity of their procedure.
Maintaining Results After Surgery
Periodontal surgery provides long-lasting benefits, but proper maintenance is essential. Key steps include:
- Daily brushing and flossing with proper technique
- Regular periodontal maintenance visits
- Monitoring for recurring symptoms
- Avoiding tobacco use
- Eating a balanced diet to support gum health
With consistent care, patients can enjoy healthier gums, renewed confidence, and a reduced risk of future periodontal problems.
Considering Periodontal Surgery?
If you are experiencing symptoms of gum disease or concerns about your gumline or bone support, consulting with a specialist can provide clarity and peace of mind. Periodontal Associates of Memphis in Memphis and Collierville offers expert diagnostic evaluations and advanced surgical treatments designed to restore and protect your oral health.